Gum Disease

Gingivitis vs. Periodontitis

The reversible stage — and the point beyond which the disease changes character.

5 min readMedically reviewed

Gingivitis is inflammation of the gum tissue in response to bacterial plaque. It is common, reversible, and — critically — the last stage at which no permanent damage has yet occurred.

The transition

Untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis: the inflammation extends below the gumline and begins to destroy the supporting bone. This bone loss is not reversible; further loss is what treatment prevents.

Signals worth acting on

  • Bleeding on brushing or flossing
  • Persistent bad breath
  • Receding gums or lengthening teeth
  • Tooth mobility

Medically reviewed

Reviewed and edited by Dr. Marianna Zadov, DDS. Last updated August 2026.